MA-4 — Nonlocal Maintenance
Nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic activities are conducted by individuals who communicate through either an external or internal network. Local maintenance and diagnostic activities are carried out by individuals who are physically present at the system location and not communicating across a network connection. Authentication techniques used to establish nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic sessions reflect the network access requirements in [IA-2](#ia-2) . Strong authentication requires authenticators that are resistant to replay attacks and employ multi-factor authentication. Strong authenticators include PKI where certificates are stored on a token protected by a password, passphrase, or biometric. Enforcing requirements in [MA-4](#ma-4) is accomplished, in part, by other controls. [SP 800-63B](#e59c5a7c-8b1f-49ca-8de0-6ee0882180ce) provides additional guidance on strong authenticat
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NIST CSF 2.0 informative references
These CSF Subcategories list this base control or one of its enhancements in the imported NIST informative reference.
NIST SP 800-171 and SP 800-172
SP 800-171 requirements sourcing this control
SP 800-172 enhanced requirements sourcing this control
MITRE D3FEND techniques
MITRE ATT&CK relationships
Curated mitigation mappings
Inferred behavior relationships
Experimental: These relationships are inferred through D3FEND and must be validated against architecture, telemetry, and threat context.
Use the map without overclaiming.
A CSF informative reference is not an equivalence statement. A source-control relationship is not proof of implementation. A D3FEND semantic relationship is not a product claim. An inferred ATT&CK link is a hypothesis for engineering analysis.
Bare Metal Cyber is an independent educational publisher and is not affiliated with or endorsed by NIST or MITRE. Informative references and cross-framework relationships support navigation and analysis; they do not establish compliance, applicability, equivalence, control inheritance, or guaranteed mitigation effectiveness.