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NIST SP 800-53 Learning Center

AU-14 — Session Audit

Read the official control and assessment content, then use the separately labeled Bare Metal Cyber perspective to connect the requirement to implementation, evidence, and sustained operation.

3Enhancements
3Parameters
0Baseline memberships
3Assessment methods

AU — Audit and Accountability · NIST SP 800-53 Release 5.2.0

Official NIST control content

Control statement

  1. a.Provide and implement the capability for [Organization-defined: users or roles] to [Organization-defined: au-14_odp.02] the content of a user session under [Organization-defined: circumstances] ; and
  2. b.Develop, integrate, and use session auditing activities in consultation with legal counsel and in accordance with applicable laws, executive orders, directives, regulations, policies, standards, and guidelines.
Official NIST discussion

Discussion

Session audits can include monitoring keystrokes, tracking websites visited, and recording information and/or file transfers. Session audit capability is implemented in addition to event logging and may involve implementation of specialized session capture technology. Organizations consider how session auditing can reveal information about individuals that may give rise to privacy risk as well as how to mitigate those risks. Because session auditing can impact system and network performance, organizations activate the capability under well-defined situations (e.g., the organization is suspicious of a specific individual). Organizations consult with legal counsel, civil liberties officials, and privacy officials to ensure that any legal, privacy, civil rights, or civil liberties issues, including the use of personally identifiable information, are appropriately addressed.

Official OSCAL parameters

Organization-defined parameters

These values must be resolved through the organization’s tailoring and governance process. Bracketed parameter references in the control text identify where a decision is required.

users or rolesusers or roles who can audit the content of a user session are defined;
au-14_odp.02
circumstancescircumstances under which the content of a user session can be audited are defined;
Original Bare Metal Cyber perspective

From control text to operational evidence

Use Session Audit as a testable risk decision. Translate the official statement into accountable people, repeatable processes, configured technology, and evidence that demonstrates the outcome over time. In this family, pay particular attention to audit event design, trustworthy collection, retention, review, and investigation support.

Implementation workflow

  • Define the control boundary, responsible owner, inherited portions, and systems or processes in scope.
  • Resolve each organization-defined parameter before declaring the control implemented.
  • Document how the implementation satisfies every clause of the official control statement.
  • Collect evidence as a normal byproduct of operation rather than only before an assessment.
  • Review exceptions, changes, and monitoring results on a risk-based cadence.

Evidence examples

  • logging standards and event-selection decisions
  • sample audit records and retention settings
  • time-synchronization evidence
  • alert and review records

Common failure patterns

  • collecting logs without defined use cases
  • critical events missing from the audit trail
  • retention shorter than investigative needs
  • logs accessible to the same administrators being monitored

Questions practitioners should ask

  • What risk decision is this control intended to support in this system?
  • Which parts are implemented locally, inherited, shared, or not applicable—and what evidence supports that decision?
  • Do the documented narrative, deployed configuration, operating process, and collected evidence agree?
  • What event or threshold requires the implementation to be reviewed or changed?
Official NIST SP 800-53A content

Assessment objectives and methods

Show the assessment objective
  1. AU-14a.
    1. AU-14a.[01][Organization-defined: users or roles] are provided with the capability to [Organization-defined: au-14_odp.02] the content of a user session under [Organization-defined: circumstances];
    2. AU-14a.[02]the capability for [Organization-defined: users or roles] to [Organization-defined: au-14_odp.02] the content of a user session under [Organization-defined: circumstances] is implemented;
  2. AU-14b.
    1. AU-14b.[01]session auditing activities are developed in consultation with legal counsel and in accordance with applicable laws, executive orders, directives, regulations, policies, standards, and guidelines;
    2. AU-14b.[02]session auditing activities are integrated in consultation with legal counsel and in accordance with applicable laws, executive orders, directives, regulations, policies, standards, and guidelines;
    3. AU-14b.[03]session auditing activities are used in consultation with legal counsel and in accordance with applicable laws, executive orders, directives, regulations, policies, standards, and guidelines;

Examine

  • Audit and accountability policy
  • system security plan
  • privacy plan
  • procedures addressing user session auditing
  • system design documentation
  • system configuration settings and associated documentation
  • system audit records
  • other relevant documents or records

Interview

  • Organizational personnel with information security and privacy responsibilities
  • system/network administrators
  • system developers
  • legal counsel
  • personnel with civil liberties responsibilities

Test

  • Mechanisms implementing user session auditing capability
Official relationships

Related controls

These relationships come from the official OSCAL catalog. They indicate useful dependencies or context, not automatic inheritance or equivalence.

MITRE D3FEND semantic mapping

Related defensive techniques

D3FEND maps this base control or one of its enhancements to the following defensive techniques. The ontology relation label is preserved and does not by itself prove implementation or effectiveness.

MITRE D3FEND™ and the D3FEND logo are trademarks of The MITRE Corporation. Bare Metal Cyber is not affiliated with or endorsed by MITRE.

Official NIST enhancements

Control enhancements

Enhancements add specificity, strength, or scope to the base control. Baseline badges show explicit selections in the official SP 800-53B OSCAL profiles.

Official NIST control enhancement

AU-14(1) — System Start-up

Initiate session audits automatically at system start-up.

Official discussion

The automatic initiation of session audits at startup helps to ensure that the information being captured on selected individuals is complete and not subject to compromise through tampering by malicious threat actors.

Assessment objectives and methods

session audits are initiated automatically at system start-up.

Examine

  • Audit and accountability policy
  • system security plan
  • privacy plan
  • procedures addressing user session auditing
  • system design documentation
  • system configuration settings and associated documentation
  • system audit records
  • other relevant documents or records

Interview

  • Organizational personnel with information security and privacy responsibilities
  • system/network administrators
  • system developers

Test

  • Mechanisms implementing user session auditing capability
Official NIST control enhancement

AU-14(2) — Capture and Record Content

Withdrawn

This enhancement is marked withdrawn in the official OSCAL catalog. Related-control metadata below may identify where its intent was incorporated.

Official NIST control enhancement

AU-14(3) — Remote Viewing and Listening

Provide and implement the capability for authorized users to remotely view and hear content related to an established user session in real time.

Official discussion

None.

Assessment objectives and methods
  1. AU-14(03)[01]the capability for authorized users to remotely view and hear content related to an established user session in real time is provided;
  2. AU-14(03)[02]the capability for authorized users to remotely view and hear content related to an established user session in real time is implemented.

Examine

  • Audit and accountability policy
  • system security plan
  • privacy plan
  • procedures addressing user session auditing
  • system design documentation
  • system configuration settings and associated documentation
  • system audit records
  • other relevant documents or records

Interview

  • Organizational personnel with information security and privacy responsibilities
  • system/network administrators
  • system developers
  • legal counsel
  • personnel with civil liberties responsibilities

Test

  • Mechanisms implementing user session auditing capability
Related controls
Source record

Authoritative sources