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NIST SP 800-53 Learning Center

AT — Awareness and Training

Study this control family as a connected set of risk outcomes, implementation decisions, evidence expectations, and assessment questions.

6Base controls
11Enhancements
17Family records
2Withdrawn records

Control family

Awareness and Training

Use the family as a planning boundary, but assess each selected control against the system context, inherited services, organization-defined parameters, and evidence available from real operations.

6 base controls11 enhancementsRelease 5.2.0
AT

Family catalog

Search Awareness and Training controls.

Base controls open full profiles. Enhancement results link directly to the corresponding enhancement section on the parent control page.

AT-1control

Policy and Procedures

Awareness and training policy and procedures address the controls in the AT family that are implemented within systems and organizations. The risk management strategy is an important factor in establishing such policies and procedures. Policies and procedures contribute to security and privacy assurance. Therefore, it is important that security and privacy p

AT-2control

Literacy Training and Awareness

Organizations provide basic and advanced levels of literacy training to system users, including measures to test the knowledge level of users. Organizations determine the content of literacy training and awareness based on specific organizational requirements, the systems to which personnel have authorized access, and work environments (e.g., telework). The

AT-3control

Role-based Training

Organizations determine the content of training based on the assigned roles and responsibilities of individuals as well as the security and privacy requirements of organizations and the systems to which personnel have authorized access, including technical training specifically tailored for assigned duties. Roles that may require role-based training include

AT-4control

Training Records

Documentation for specialized training may be maintained by individual supervisors at the discretion of the organization. The National Archives and Records Administration provides guidance on records retention for federal agencies.

AT-6control

Training Feedback

Training feedback includes awareness training results and role-based training results. Training results, especially failures of personnel in critical roles, can be indicative of a potentially serious problem. Therefore, it is important that senior managers are made aware of such situations so that they can take appropriate response actions. Training feedback

AT-2(1)enhancement

Practical Exercises

Practical exercises include no-notice social engineering attempts to collect information, gain unauthorized access, or simulate the adverse impact of opening malicious email attachments or invoking, via spear phishing attacks, malicious web links.

AT-2(2)enhancement

Insider Threat

Potential indicators and possible precursors of insider threat can include behaviors such as inordinate, long-term job dissatisfaction; attempts to gain access to information not required for job performance; unexplained access to financial resources; bullying or harassment of fellow employees; workplace violence; and other serious violations of policies, pr

AT-2(3)enhancement

Social Engineering and Mining

Social engineering is an attempt to trick an individual into revealing information or taking an action that can be used to breach, compromise, or otherwise adversely impact a system. Social engineering includes phishing, pretexting, impersonation, baiting, quid pro quo, thread-jacking, social media exploitation, and tailgating. Social mining is an attempt to

AT-2(4)enhancement

Suspicious Communications and Anomalous System Behavior

A well-trained workforce provides another organizational control that can be employed as part of a defense-in-depth strategy to protect against malicious code coming into organizations via email or the web applications. Personnel are trained to look for indications of potentially suspicious email (e.g., receiving an unexpected email, receiving an email conta

AT-2(5)enhancement

Advanced Persistent Threat

An effective way to detect advanced persistent threats (APT) and to preclude successful attacks is to provide specific literacy training for individuals. Threat literacy training includes educating individuals on the various ways that APTs can infiltrate the organization (e.g., through websites, emails, advertisement pop-ups, articles, and social engineering

AT-2(6)enhancement

Cyber Threat Environment

Since threats continue to change over time, threat literacy training by the organization is dynamic. Moreover, threat literacy training is not performed in isolation from the system operations that support organizational mission and business functions.

AT-3(1)enhancement

Environmental Controls

Environmental controls include fire suppression and detection devices or systems, sprinkler systems, handheld fire extinguishers, fixed fire hoses, smoke detectors, temperature or humidity, heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and power within the facility.

AT-3(2)enhancement

Physical Security Controls

Physical security controls include physical access control devices, physical intrusion and detection alarms, operating procedures for facility security guards, and monitoring or surveillance equipment.

AT-3(3)enhancement

Practical Exercises

Practical exercises for security include training for software developers that addresses simulated attacks that exploit common software vulnerabilities or spear or whale phishing attacks targeted at senior leaders or executives. Practical exercises for privacy include modules with quizzes on identifying and processing personally identifiable information in v

AT-3(5)enhancement

Processing Personally Identifiable Information

Personally identifiable information processing and transparency controls include the organization’s authority to process personally identifiable information and personally identifiable information processing purposes. Role-based training for federal agencies addresses the types of information that may constitute personally identifiable information and the ri

Planned Academy connection

Bare Metal Cyber course coverage for this family.

These titles come from the approved NIST SP 800-53 course plan. They are shown as planned coverage and do not claim a public lesson URL before publication.

  1. Episode 61: Awareness and Training — Part One: Purpose, scope, and audiences
  2. Episode 62: Awareness and Training — Part Two: Implementation patterns and delivery
  3. Episode 63: Awareness and Training — Part Three: Evidence, coverage, and pitfalls