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MITRE D3FEND™ Learning Center

D3-NTA — Network Traffic Analysis

Analyzing intercepted or summarized computer network traffic to detect unauthorized activity.

8NIST mappings
3Mitigation mappings
74Enterprise inferred
20ICS inferred

Detect · D3FEND ontology 1.6.0 · Active

Open official technique ↗
Official D3FEND definition

Definition

Analyzing intercepted or summarized computer network traffic to detect unauthorized activity.

Bare Metal Cyber interpretation

Implementation perspective

Network Traffic Analysis should be treated as a technical defensive capability rather than a product checkbox. In practice, teams should define the protected scope, the conditions under which the technique acts, and the observable evidence that demonstrates the intended behavior. For this technique, likely engineering context includes Certificate File, DNS Lookup, File Transfer Network Traffic, Inbound Internet Network Traffic.

Use the technique to identify suspicious, unauthorized, or abnormal activity through observable evidence and repeatable analysis.

Questions to ask

  • Which events, states, or artifacts must be observed for the analysis to work?
  • What analytic logic, threshold, comparison, or signature turns observations into a finding?
  • How are expected false positives, blind spots, and environmental variations documented?
  • Who receives the result, and what action is expected when the technique produces a finding?

Evidence and validation

  • Telemetry and data-source configuration records
  • Analytic logic, thresholds, signatures, and version history
  • Test cases demonstrating expected positive and negative results
  • Alert, triage, escalation, and tuning records

Common failure patterns

  • Required telemetry is missing, delayed, or transformed in a way that invalidates the analysis.
  • The technique produces alerts without an accountable triage and response process.
  • Detection coverage is claimed from product deployment without testing the relevant analytic behavior.

This implementation perspective is original Bare Metal Cyber educational content. It does not replace the official D3FEND definition or establish that a specific product implements the technique.

Ontology hierarchy

Technique hierarchy

D3FEND graph relationships

Artifacts and ontology entities

These relationships describe how D3FEND connects a defensive technique to artifacts or other ontology entities. They describe graph semantics, not a product certification.

Show inferred artifact relationship paths (18)
Administrative Network Activity AnalysisanalyzesIntranet Administrative Network Traffic
Application Protocol Command AnalysismonitorsNetwork Traffic
Certificate AnalysisanalyzesCertificate File
Client-server Payload ProfilinganalyzesNetwork Traffic
Connection Attempt AnalysisanalyzesIntranet Network Traffic
DNS Traffic AnalysisanalyzesOutbound Internet DNS Lookup Traffic
DNS Traffic Analysismay-containDNS Lookup
File CarvinganalyzesFile Transfer Network Traffic
IPC Traffic AnalysisanalyzesIntranet IPC Network Traffic
Inbound Session Volume AnalysisanalyzesInbound Internet Network Traffic
Network Traffic Community DeviationanalyzesNetwork Traffic
Network Traffic Signature AnalysisanalyzesNetwork Traffic
Per Host Download-Upload Ratio AnalysisanalyzesNetwork Traffic
Protocol Metadata Anomaly DetectionanalyzesNetwork Traffic
RPC Traffic AnalysisanalyzesRPC Network Traffic
Relay Pattern AnalysisanalyzesOutbound Internet Network Traffic
Remote Firmware Update MonitoringdetectsOT Device Firmware Command
Remote Terminal Session DetectionanalyzesNetwork Traffic
Curated semantic mapping

NIST SP 800-53 relationships

The relation label is preserved from the D3FEND ontology. It is not converted into a claim that the control automatically implements or validates this technique.

Curated D3FEND mapping

ATT&CK Enterprise mitigation relationships

These links come from the D3FEND ontology’s ATT&CK mitigation mapping. They help users navigate between the knowledge bases and do not guarantee mitigation effectiveness.

D3FEND note: D3FEND models this as an infrastructure dependency to support D3-NTA.

D3FEND note: M1021 scope is broad, touches on an wide variety of techniques in d3fend.

Inferred and experimental

Offensive-technique relationships

These relationships are generated from D3FEND graph paths and are explicitly experimental. They should be treated as hypotheses for defensive analysis—not as proof that the technique prevents, detects, or removes an offensive behavior.

ATT&CK Enterprise (74)
T1001Data ObfuscationCommand and ControlT1003.006DCSyncCredential AccessT1008Fallback ChannelsCommand and ControlT1011Exfiltration Over Other Network MediumExfiltrationT1018Remote System DiscoveryDiscoveryT1020Automated ExfiltrationExfiltrationT1021Remote ServicesLateral MovementT1021.001Remote Desktop ProtocolLateral MovementT1021.004SSHLateral MovementT1029Scheduled TransferExfiltrationT1030Data Transfer Size LimitsExfiltrationT1040Network SniffingCredential Access, DiscoveryT1041Exfiltration Over C2 ChannelExfiltrationT1047Windows Management InstrumentationExecutionT1048Exfiltration Over Alternative ProtocolExfiltrationT1048.001Exfiltration Over Symmetric Encrypted Non-C2 ProtocolExfiltrationT1048.002Exfiltration Over Asymmetric Encrypted Non-C2 ProtocolExfiltrationT1048.003Exfiltration Over Unencrypted Non-C2 ProtocolExfiltrationT1071Application Layer ProtocolCommand and ControlT1071.001Web ProtocolsCommand and ControlT1071.002File Transfer ProtocolsCommand and ControlT1071.003Mail ProtocolsCommand and ControlT1071.004DNSCommand and ControlT1090.001Internal ProxyCommand and ControlT1090.002External ProxyCommand and ControlT1090.003Multi-hop ProxyCommand and ControlT1090.004Domain FrontingCommand and ControlT1095Non-Application Layer ProtocolCommand and ControlT1098.001Additional Cloud CredentialsPersistence, Privilege EscalationT1102Web ServiceCommand and ControlT1104Multi-Stage ChannelsCommand and ControlT1105Ingress Tool TransferCommand and ControlT1110.003Password SprayingCredential AccessT1110.004Credential StuffingCredential AccessT1132Data EncodingCommand and ControlT1185Browser Session HijackingCollectionT1189Drive-by CompromiseInitial AccessT1190Exploit Public-Facing ApplicationInitial AccessT1197BITS JobsExecution, Persistence, StealthT1199Trusted RelationshipInitial AccessT1204.001Malicious LinkExecutionT1205Traffic SignalingCommand and Control, Persistence, StealthT1205.001Port KnockingCommand and Control, Persistence, StealthT1207Rogue Domain ControllerDefense ImpairmentT1210Exploitation of Remote ServicesLateral MovementT1218.003CMSTPStealthT1219Remote Access ToolsCommand and ControlT1498.001Direct Network FloodImpactT1498.002Reflection AmplificationImpactT1499.002Service Exhaustion FloodImpactT1542.005TFTP BootPersistence, StealthT1546.003Windows Management Instrumentation Event SubscriptionPersistence, Privilege EscalationT1546.008Accessibility FeaturesPersistence, Privilege EscalationT1550.001Application Access TokenLateral MovementT1550.004Web Session CookieLateral MovementT1557Adversary-in-the-MiddleCollection, Credential AccessT1557.001Name Resolution Poisoning and SMB RelayCollection, Credential AccessT1557.003DHCP SpoofingCollection, Credential AccessT1558.003KerberoastingCredential AccessT1563Remote Service Session HijackingLateral Movement

Showing the first 60 of 74 source-derived relationships. Open the official D3FEND technique for the current graph view.

ATT&CK for ICS (20)
T0800Activate Firmware Update ModeInhibit Response Function
T0814Denial of ServiceInhibit Response Function
T0817Drive-by CompromiseInitial Access
T0819Exploit Public-Facing ApplicationInitial Access
T0822External Remote ServicesInitial Access
T0830Adversary-in-the-MiddleCollection
T0839Module FirmwareImpair Process Control, Persistence
T0840Network Connection EnumerationDiscovery
T0842Network SniffingDiscovery
T0846Remote System DiscoveryDiscovery
T0848Rogue MasterInitial Access
T0865Spearphishing AttachmentInitial Access
T0866Exploitation of Remote ServicesInitial Access, Lateral Movement
T0869Standard Application Layer ProtocolCommand and Control
T0884Connection ProxyCommand and Control
T0885Commonly Used PortCommand and Control
T0886Remote ServicesInitial Access, Lateral Movement
T0888Remote System Information DiscoveryDiscovery
T0894System Binary Proxy ExecutionEvasion
T0895Autorun ImageExecution
Source record

Authoritative sources